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Thermogravimetric coupled with Fourier transform infrared analysis study on thermal treatment of monopotassiumphosphate residue

Yuheng FENG, Xuguang JIANG, Yong CHI, Xiaodong LI, Hongmei ZHU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 186-192 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0322-6

摘要： In China, safe disposal of hazardous waste is more and more a necessity, urged by rapid economic development. The pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of a residue from producing monopotassium phosphate (monopotassium phosphate residue), considered as a hazardous waste, were studied using a thermogravimetric, coupled with Fourier transform infrared analyzer (TG-FTIR). Both pyrolysis and combustion runs can be subdivided into three stages: drying, thermal decomposition, and final devolatilization. The average weight loss rate during fast thermal decomposition stage in pyrolysis is higher than combustion. Acetic acid, methane, pentane, (acetyl) cyclopropane, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, CO, and CO were distinguished in the pyrolysis process, while CO was the dominant combustion product.

关键词： hazardous waste     combustion     pyrolysis     thermogravimetric coupled with Fourier transform infrared analysis (TG-FTIR)     monopotassium phosphate residue    

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Chromium steel from chromite ore processing residue----A valuable construction material from a waste

Jay N. MEEGODA, Wiwat KAMOLPORNWIJIT

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 159-166 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0325-3

摘要： As species we humans generate excessive amounts of waste and hence for sustainability we should explore innovative ways to recover them. The primary objective of this study is to demonstrate an efficient and optimum way to recover chromium and iron from chromite ore processing residues (COPR) for the production of chrome steel and stainless steel. In Hudson County, New Jersey, there are more than two million tons of leftover COPR. Part of COPR was used as fill materials for construction sites, which spread the problem to a larger area. With high solubility along with their toxicity leached chromate from COPR is threatening the environment as well as human health. In this research, COPR was thermally treated to recover iron with chromium by applying techniques used in steel manufacturing. An extensive experimental program was performed using a Thermo-Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA) and bench scale tests to thermally treat the processed chromium contaminated soils with carbon and sand at varying temperatures and under reducing environment. The optimum chemical composition of COPR and additives to be used in the melts were evaluated based upon the thermodynamic properties of the mixture to ensure good phase separation, least amounts of iron and chromium oxides in the slag and minimum variability of final product (steel or iron with chromium). The impact of other oxides on the steel making process was evaluated to minimize the adverse impact on the process. The research demonstrated the feasibility of recovering a valuable construction material (chrome steel) from a waste (COPR).

关键词： chromite ore processing residue     chromium steel     reduction     thermal treatment     beneficial use    

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Emission factors of gaseous carbonaceous species from residential combustion of coal and crop residue

Qin WANG, Chunmei GENG, Sihua LU, Wentai CHEN, Min SHAO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 66-76 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0428-5

摘要： Experiments were performed to measure the emission factors ( s) of gaseous carbonaceous species, such as CO , CO, CH , and non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), from the combustion of five types of coal of varying organic maturity and two types of biomass briquettes under residential burning conditions. Samples were collected in stainless steel canisters and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) cartridges and were analyzed by GC–FID/MS and HPLC, respectively. The s from crop residue briquette burning were generally higher than those from coals, with the exception of CO . The dominant NMVOC species identified in coal smoke were carbonyls (41.7%), followed by C2 unsaturated hydrocarbons (29.1%) and aromatics (12.1%), while C2 unsaturated hydrocarbons were the dominant species (68.9%) emitted from the combustion of crop residue briquettes, followed by aromatics (14.4%). A comparison of burning normal crop residues in stoves and the open field indicated that briquettes emitted a larger proportion of ethene and acetylene. Both combustion efficiency and coal organic maturity had a significant impact on NMVOC s from burning coal: NMVOC emissions increased with increasing coal organic maturity but decreased as the combustion efficiency improved. Emissions from the combustion of crop residue briquettes from stoves occurred mainly during the smoldering process, with low combustion efficiency. Therefore, an improved stove design to allow higher combustion efficiency would be beneficial for reducing emissions of carbonaceous air pollutants.

关键词： residential combustion     coal     crop residue briquette     emission factors     gaseous carbonaceous species    

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Environmental, social, and economic assessment of energy utilization of crop residue in China

Yueling ZHANG, Junjie LI, Huan LIU, Guangling ZHAO, Yajun TIAN, Kechang XIE

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 308-319 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0696-x

摘要： This paper aims to discuss an environmental, social, and economic analysis of energy utilization of crop residues from life cycle perspectives in China. The methodologies employed to achieve this objective are environmental life cycle assessment (E-LCA), life cycle cost (LCC), and social life cycle assessment (S-LCA). Five scenarios are developed based on the conversion technologies and final bioenergy products. The system boundaries include crop residue collection, transportation, pre-treatment, and conversion process. The replaced amounts of energy are also taken into account in the E-LCA analysis. The functional unit is defined as 1 MJ of energy produced. Eight impact categories are considered besides climate change in E-LCA. The investment capital cost and salary cost are collected and compared in the life cycle of the scenarios. Three stakeholders and several subcategories are considered in the S-LCA analysis defined by UNEP/SETAS guidelines. The results show that the energy utilization of crop residue has carbon emission factors of 0.09–0.18 kg (CO eq per 1 MJ), and presents a net carbon emissions reduction of 0.03–0.15 kg (CO eq per 1 MJ) compared with the convectional electricity or petrol, but the other impacts should be paid attention to in the biomass energy scenarios. The energy utilization of crop residues can bring economic benefit to local communities and the society, but the working conditions of local workers need to be improved in future biomass energy development.

关键词： crop residue     life cycle assessment     life cycle cost     social life cycle assessment     energy production    

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Assessing the potential of crop residue recycling in China and technology options based on a bottom-up

Lili QU,Tianzhu ZHANG,Wei LU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 570-579 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0604-2

摘要： Crop residues are an important biomass, and are significant in the sustainable development of China. This paper uses the Grey-Markov modeling approach, the cost-benefit analysis method, and the constraint optimization method to establish the potential of crop residue recycling in China (CRRC) using a bottom-up analysis. Taking 2010 as the baseline year, the CRRC model is used to determine the quantity trends of crop residue resources, simulating the recycling potential and selecting key crop residue recycling technologies for operation between 2010 and 2030. The results illustrate that the total residue output from different crops will gradually increase to 1062 million tons in 2030. The proportion of crop residue for field burning is expected to decrease as a result of guidance and support from the government. Market mechanisms are also improving the development of the crop residue recycling industry. The economic benefit of crop residue recycling is expected to be worth 132 billion CNY in 2030 according to technology structure options. Key crop residue recycling technologies preferred such as liquefaction, amination, silo, co-firing straw power and composting will account for more than 85% of the total benefits.

关键词： China     crop residue     recycling potential     technology options    

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Enhanced adsorption of phosphate by loading nanosized ferric oxyhydroxide on anion resin

Jing REN,Nan LI,Lin ZHAO,Nanqi REN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 531-538 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0629-1

摘要： Ferric oxyhydroxide loaded anion exchanger (FOAE) hybrid adsorbent was prepared by loading nanosized ferric oxyhydroxide (FO) on anion exchanger resin for the removal of phosphate from wastewater. TEM and XRD analysis confirmed the existence of FO on FOAE. After FO loading, the adsorption capacity of the hybrid adsorbent increased from 38.70 to 51.52 mg·g . Adsorption processes for both FOAE and anion resin were better fit to the pseudo first order model. Batch adsorption experiments revealed that higher temperature (313K), higher initial phosphate concentration (50 mg·L ) and lower solution pH (pH value of 2) would be more propitious to phosphate adsorption. Competition effect of coexisting anions on phosphate removal can be concluded as sulfate>nitrate>chloride. Freundlich isotherm model can describe the adsorption of phosphate on FOAE more accurately, which indicated the heterogeneous adsorption occurred on the inner-surface of FOAE.

关键词： phosphate removal     adsorption     nanosized ferric oxyhydroxide     anion exchanger    

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Porous silica synthesis out of coal fly ash with no residue generation and complete silicon separation

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1712-2

摘要：

● Both amorphous and crystalline silicon are completely separated from coal fly ash.

关键词： Coal fly ash     Alkali fusion     Micro-/meso-porous Si     Zeolite MCM-48     Crystalline transformation    

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A potentiometric cobalt-based phosphate sensor based on screen-printing technology

Lei ZHU,Xiaohong ZHOU,Hanchang SHI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第6期   页码 945-951 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0615-z

摘要： A potentiometric cobalt-based screen-printing sensor was fabricated by electroplating cobalt on the surface of a screen-printing electrode as the sensitive layer for the determination of dihydrogenphosphate ( ) in wastewater samples. The electrochemical performance of this sensor was fully examined to determine its detection calibration, detection limit, response time, selectivity, and interference with pH, various ions, and dissolved oxygen (DO). The cobalt-based phosphate sensor showed a phosphate-selective potential response in the range of 10 mol·L to 10 mol·L , yielding a detection limit of 3.16 × 10 mol?L and a slope of -37.51 mV?decade in an acidic solution (pH 4.0) of . DO and pH were found to interfere with sensor responses to phosphate. Ultimately, the performance of the sensor was validated for detecting wastewater samples from the Xiaojiahe Wastewater Treatment Plant against the standard spectrophotometric methods for analysis. The discrepancy between the two methods was generally ±5% (relative standard deviation). Aside from its high selectivity, sensitivity, and stability, which are comparable with conventional bulk Co-wire sensors, the proposed phosphate sensor presents many other advantages, such as low price, compactness, ease of use, and the possibility of integration with other analytical devices, such as flow injectors.

关键词： phosphate     cobalt     screen-printing technology     electroplate     wastewater    

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料浆法磷铵生产工艺发展与五大磷肥工程改造

钟本和

《中国工程科学》 2004年 第6卷 第6期   页码 22-25

摘要：

针对引进磷酸浓缩工艺生产磷铵的技术不适应我国矿产资源具体情况的难题，开发了料浆法磷铵生产工艺技术，已在21个省区布点推广建设了87套装置，形成生产能力279×104 t/a的规模，占全国磷铵生产能力的60%。最近在贵州瓮福实施料浆法磷铵与引进的传统磷酸浓缩工艺联产的成功，为五大磷肥工程的改造提供了一条新的途径。

关键词： 磷肥     磷铵     料浆法磷铵    

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Immobilized

Pei MA, Dan ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 498-508 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0429-4

摘要： To investigate the potential use of ( ) residue for Cd adsorption, poly alcohol Na alginate (PVA) was applied to immobilize it. The parameters including contact time, pH, adsorbent dosages, and coexisting metal ions were studied. The suitable pH for immobilized was 4–7 wider than that for raw (pH 6–7). In the presence of Pb concentration varying from 0 to 30 mg·L , the Cd adsorption ratios declined by 6.71% and 47.45% for immobilized and raw , respectively. While, with the coexisting ion Cu concentration varied from 0 to 30 mg·L , the Cd adsorption ratios declined by 12.97% and 50.56% for immobilized and raw , respectively. The Cd adsorption isotherms in single–metal and dual-metal solutions were analyzed by using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Radushkevich models. The Cd adsorption capacities ( ) in single-metal solution were 6.448 mg·L and 2.832 mg·L for immobilized and raw , respectively. The of immobilized were 1.850 mg Cd·g in Cd + Pb solution and 3.961 mg Cd·g in Cd + Cu solution, respectively. The Cd adsorption processes subjected to both adsorbents follow pseudo-second-order model. Mechanism study showed the functional group of was –OH, –NH, –CO, and PVA played an important role in metal adsorbing. Mining wastewater treatment test showed that PVA–SA-immobilized was effective in mixed pollutant treatment even for wastewater containing metal ions in very low concentration.

关键词： immobilization     Lentinus edodes residue     competitive adsorption     isotherm    

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Highly selective and green recovery of lithium ions from lithium iron phosphate powders with ozone

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第6期   页码 749-758 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2261-0

摘要： Since lithium iron phosphate cathode material does not contain high-value metals other than lithium, it is therefore necessary to strike a balance between recovery efficiency and economic benefits in the recycling of waste lithium iron phosphate cathode materials. Here, we describe a selective recovery process that can achieve economically efficient recovery and an acceptable lithium leaching yield. Adjusting the acid concentration and amount of oxidant enables selective recovery of lithium ions. Iron is retained in the leaching residue as iron phosphate, which is easy to recycle. The effects of factors such as acid concentration, acid dosage, amount of oxidant, and reaction temperature on the leaching of lithium and iron are comprehensively explored, and the mechanism of selective leaching is clarified. This process greatly reduces the cost of processing equipment and chemicals. This increases the potential industrial use of this process and enables the green and efficient recycling of waste lithium iron phosphate cathode materials in the future.

关键词： lithium iron phosphate powder     stoichiometric number     selective leaching     lithium recovery    

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Utilization of nano/micro-size iron recovered from the fine fraction of automobile shredder residue for

Jiwan SINGH, Yoon-Young CHANG, Jae-Kyu YANG, Seon-Hong KANG, Janardhan Reddy KODURU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0848-8

摘要： Phenol removal by n/m Fe in the presence of H O was highly effective. Increasing the amounts of n/m Fe and H O ?increased the phenol removal rate. Phenol removal was decreased with an increase in the concentration of phenol. The natural pH (6.9) of the solution was highly effective for phenol removal. The pseudo-first-order kinetics was best fitted for the degradation of phenol. The study investigates the magnetic separation of Fe from automobile shredder residue (ASR) (<0.25 mm) and its application for phenol degradation in water. The magnetically separated Fe was subjected to an ultrasonically assisted acid treatment, and the degradation of phenol in an aqueous solution using nano/micro-size Fe (n/m Fe) was investigated in an effort to evaluate the possibility of utilizing n/m Fe to remove phenol from wastewater. The prepared n/m Fe was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The effects of the dosages of n/mFe, pH, concentration of phenol and amount of H O on phenol removal were evaluated. The results confirm that the phenol degradation rate was improved with an increase in the dosages of n/mFe and H O ; however, the rate is reduced when the phenol concentration is higher. The degradation of phenol by n/mFe followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics. The value of the reaction rate constant ( was increased as the amounts of n/m Fe and H O increased. Conversely, the value of was reduced when the concentration of phenol was increased. The probable mechanism behind the degradation of phenol by n/m Fe is the oxidation of phenol through hydroxyl radicals which are produced during the reaction between H O and n/m Fe.

关键词： Automobile shredder residue (ASR)     Fe     Phenol     Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)     Mechanism    

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Facile fabrication of dolomite-doped biochar/bentonite for effective removal of phosphate from complex

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1671-7

摘要：

● Dolomite-doped biochar/bentonite was synthesized for phosphate removal.

关键词： Biochar-bentonite composite     Dolomite doping     Phosphate adsorption     Polymeric matrix membrane     Adsorption-filtration dual functions     Low-concentration phosphate    

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Influence of phosphate on deposition and detachment of TiO

Zhan Wang, Chongyang Shen, Yichun Du, Yulong Zhang, Baoguo Li

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1163-y

摘要： We examined influence of phosphate on transport of TiO2 NPs in soil. Deposition was reduced at higher pH and by adsorption of phosphate in soil. Release was more for NPs initially deposited at higher pH. Release was more for NPs initially deposited in the presence of phosphate. Surface roughness and charge heterogeneity play a role in the deposition/ release. The widespread use of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) makes inevitable their release into the soil. Phosphate is also widespread within soil, and is likely copresent with TiO2 NPs. However, the influence of phosphate on deposition/release— and thereby on transport— of TiO2 NPs in soil is yet to be elucidated. In this study we conducted saturated column experiments to systematically examine the transport of TiO2 NPs in soil amended with phosphate at different ionic strengths (ISs) (1, 10, 100 mmol/L NaCl) and pHs (4 and 9). Results show that the deposition of TiO2 NPs decreased with decreasing IS, increasing pH, and when soil absorbed phosphate. These observations are qualitatively in agreement with Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) interaction energy calculations, because the repulsive energy barrier is larger and secondary minimum depth is smaller at a lower IS, higher pH, and in the presence of phosphate. Accordingly, both primary- and secondary-minimum deposition were inhibited. Interestingly, although the deposition was less at higher pH and in the presence of phosphate, the subsequent spontaneous detachment and detachment by reduction of solution IS in these cases were greater. In addition, the presence of phosphate in the solution can cause a small quantity of attached TiO2 NPs to detach, even without perturbations of physical and chemical conditions. Our study was the first to investigate the influence of phosphate on detachment of TiO2 NPs and the results have important implication for accurate prediction of fate and transport of TiO2 NPs in subsurface environments.

关键词： Phosphate     TiO2 nanoparticles     Transport     Soil     Deposition     Detachment    

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Simultaneous sorption of aqueous phenanthrene and phosphate onto bentonites modified with AlCl3 and CTMAB

ZHU Runliang, ZHU Lizhong, ZHU Jianxi

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第1期   页码 79-82 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0015-3

摘要： The purpose of this work is to synthesize a new type of bentonite sorbent that can simultaneously remove both organic compounds and phosphate from water. Inorganic-organic bentonites (Al-CTMAB-Bent) were synthesized by modifying bentonites with both AlCl3 and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTMAB). Simultaneous sorption of aqueous phenanthrene and phosphate onto Al-CTMAB-Bent was examined. Removal rates of phenanthrene and phosphate from water reached 96.3% and 90.2%, respectively, at their respective initial concentrations of 1 mg/L and 5 mg/L and the added amount of Al-CTMAB-Bent was 1.25 g/L. The residual turbidity of the Al-CTMAB-Bent suspension decreased 81.4% compared to that of organobentonite suspension after a 1 h settling time. Thus, inorganic-organic bentonite can be used to treat wastewater containing both organic pollutants and phosphate.

关键词： phenanthrene     settling     respective     residual turbidity     Inorganic-organic    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Thermogravimetric coupled with Fourier transform infrared analysis study on thermal treatment of monopotassiumphosphate residue

Yuheng FENG, Xuguang JIANG, Yong CHI, Xiaodong LI, Hongmei ZHU

期刊论文

Chromium steel from chromite ore processing residue----A valuable construction material from a waste

Jay N. MEEGODA, Wiwat KAMOLPORNWIJIT

期刊论文

Emission factors of gaseous carbonaceous species from residential combustion of coal and crop residue

Qin WANG, Chunmei GENG, Sihua LU, Wentai CHEN, Min SHAO

期刊论文

Environmental, social, and economic assessment of energy utilization of crop residue in China

Yueling ZHANG, Junjie LI, Huan LIU, Guangling ZHAO, Yajun TIAN, Kechang XIE

期刊论文

Assessing the potential of crop residue recycling in China and technology options based on a bottom-up

Lili QU,Tianzhu ZHANG,Wei LU

期刊论文

Enhanced adsorption of phosphate by loading nanosized ferric oxyhydroxide on anion resin

Jing REN,Nan LI,Lin ZHAO,Nanqi REN

期刊论文

Porous silica synthesis out of coal fly ash with no residue generation and complete silicon separation

期刊论文

A potentiometric cobalt-based phosphate sensor based on screen-printing technology

Lei ZHU,Xiaohong ZHOU,Hanchang SHI

期刊论文

料浆法磷铵生产工艺发展与五大磷肥工程改造

钟本和

期刊论文

Immobilized

Pei MA, Dan ZHANG

期刊论文

Highly selective and green recovery of lithium ions from lithium iron phosphate powders with ozone

期刊论文

Utilization of nano/micro-size iron recovered from the fine fraction of automobile shredder residue for

Jiwan SINGH, Yoon-Young CHANG, Jae-Kyu YANG, Seon-Hong KANG, Janardhan Reddy KODURU

期刊论文

Facile fabrication of dolomite-doped biochar/bentonite for effective removal of phosphate from complex

期刊论文

Influence of phosphate on deposition and detachment of TiO

Zhan Wang, Chongyang Shen, Yichun Du, Yulong Zhang, Baoguo Li

期刊论文

Simultaneous sorption of aqueous phenanthrene and phosphate onto bentonites modified with AlCl3 and CTMAB

ZHU Runliang, ZHU Lizhong, ZHU Jianxi

期刊论文